The first expression equality before law is from within india .

 

The first expression equality before law is from within  india .

The constitution 93^rd (Amenment ) Act 2006  providing 27 precent reservation in admission of Obc candidates in institution like ,IIts and is constitution [Ashok kkumar thakur VS .Union of india 2008 .

The state would be entitle to either adopt a policy decision or make  laws  provid –ing for reservation see. Such a policy decision noemally would noit be open to chal –lenge subject to its passing the  test of U.P.A.I.R. 2005 S.C. 2540 ]

The allotment of 50 perecent seats ,for pre and post 1942 settles in the lasend is contidition and valid and not violative of aricles  371 –D[N.T.R. University of health sci-ences Vs  G. babu rajendra Prasad .

The allotment of 50 percent seats for pre and post  1947 ]

It is open to the state to review the  situation from time to tome and to decide  whether a given class  of citizens that has earened the benefit of 27 percent reservation as socially and education backward class of citizen to from a part of that category or as ceased to fall in that categrory [ Jagdish Negi  Vs . state  of 1997 s.C 3505]

Bacword and more backword classification is consitutionl but reservation cannot exceced more than 50 percent .[India sahani Vs. union of india  A.I.R .1993 .

Sexual harassment of working women amount  to violation is constitution but reservation connot exceed more than direct on the subject .

(2) citizen shall on ground only of reling    ,rece cast ,sex  descent place of birth residence or any office under the state.

(3) nothing in this article shall prevent parliament from making any law pre-scribing in rergard to a class or classes  of employment or appolinment or appointment to an office ,[under the Government  of  or any local  or other authority within,a state or union territory any requirement as to residence such employment or appoiment .

 (4) Nothing in the article shall prevent the state from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which in the opinion of the statet , is not adequately represented in the service under the state .

To practise any profession or  carry on occupation , trade or business nothing in sub- clause of shall affect the operation of any existing law or prevent the state from making any law , in so far as such law  imposes the interest of the sovereign and integrity of india 

 The security of the state ,friendly relations with foregion states publice order , decency or in any impose said protection of any whether relates any law corporation owned  as it the complete .

For the purpose of securing such uniformity among the state inter se as well as partiy between the state as a whol and the union . this number of votes which each elected member of parliament and  of the legislative assembly of each state is entiled to cast at such election shall be determined in the following manner – entitled to cast at such  elected shall be determation in the state by the total number of the election  member .

(a)   Every election mumber of the legislative  assembly of each state is shall  have as many votes as there are multiples of on the thousand in  the quotient  obtained by dividing the population of the state by the  totale number of the elected mem- bres of the assembly ;

(b)  If after taking the said multiples of one thousand is not less than five hundred then the votes  of each mumber of the elected mum-bers of the assembly . 

(c)  Each elected mumber of either  house of parliament shall  have such number of votes as may be obtained by the totel number of the elected mumber referred to in sub – clause  shall be futher of by one .

(d) The election of the preside shall be held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single trensferable votes and the voting at such election shall be by means secret ballot.

(3)Explanation,- this articles , the explane population  means the popular as asecertion at the last pereceding census of wich the relevant figures have been published :

Provided that the  reference in the  explanation to the last preceding census of which then relevant figures have been published shall , unit the relevant figures for the frist census taken after the years  2026 have been published be construed as a reference to the 1971 census .

Term of office of president,-(1) the president shal hold office for a term of five years the date on which he enters upon his office :

(a)   The president may – writing under his hand addressed to the vice – presi dent resigen his office ;

(b) the president may for violation of the constitution  , be removed from office by impeachment in the manner provided in article

(c)  the president shall notwithstanding the expiration of his trem , continue to hold office unitl his successor to enters upon his office .

(d) any resignation addressed to the vice – president under clause of the provice to clses shall forthwith be communicated by him to the speaker of the house of the people.

Eligibility for re-electioon – A person who holds , or who has held office as president shall  subject to the other provisions of this constitution , be eligible for re- election to that people .

QUALIFICATION FOR ELECTION AS PRESIDENT- No person shall be eligible or election to as president unless he-

 Is a citizen of india ,

Has completed the age of thirty – five yers and

Is qualified for election as a member of the house of the people .

A person shall not be eligible for the government of india or the eletion as president if he hold any office of profit under the government of india or the government of any state or underany local or other authority subject to the control of the said governments.

Explanation – for the purpose of the  this articles ,a person shall not be a member of either house of profit by reason only that he is the president or vice president of the union or the governor [***] of any       state or a minister either for the union or for any state .

Conditions of president s  office –the president shall not be a member of either house of parliament or of a house of the legislature of any state and if a member of ether house of parliament or he shall be deemed to have vacated his seat in that house on the date on which he enters upon his office as president .

 The  president shall be enters enitiled without payment of rent to the use of his official residence and shall be also entitled to such  emolument allowance and privileges as may be determation by law and unit provision in the secondry seched .

Oath or affimation by the president  -every president and every per son acting upon as his office make and subscribe  in the president shall before centring upon his office make from that is say .